Lung areas that are ventilated but not perfused form part of the dead space. Lung heterogeneity creates regional differences in CO 2 concentration, and sequential emptying raises the alveolar plateau and steepens the expired CO 2 slope in expiratory capnograms. In steady-state conditions, CO 2 output equals CO 2 elimination, but during non-steady-state conditions, phase issues and impaired tissue CO 2 clearance make CO 2 output less predictable. Alveolar P CO 2 (P ACO 2) depends on the balance between the amount of CO 2 being added by pulmonary blood and the amount being eliminated by alveolar ventilation (V̇ A). Sum Effect….The diffusion of gases brings the partial pressures of O 2 and CO 2 in blood and alveolar gas to an equilibrium at the pulmonary blood-gas barrier.improves oxygenation but does not improve outcome.no systemic effects due to rapid inactivation by binding to hemoglobin.vasodilate blood vessels that supply ventilated alveoli and thus improve V/Q.vasodilator with very short half life that can be delivered via ETT. not everyone maintains their response or even responds in the first place.care of patient (suctioning, lines, decubiti) trickier but not impossible.net result is usually improved oxygenation.chest wall has more favorable compliance curve in prone position.re-expand collapsed dorsal areas of the lung.Patient will need to be deeply sedated and perhaps paralyzed as wellĪdvanced Modes High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation.Can increase MAP without increasing PIP: improve oxygenation but limit barotrauma.central hypoventilation/ frequent apnea.
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